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Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs)
Forward Freight Agreements (FFAs) are contracts that give the contract owner the right to buy or sell the price of freight for future settlement.
FFAs are tradeable for the dry, tanker, LPG, LNG and Container freight markets..
FFAs are traded Over the Counter (OTC), meaning they are facilitated by a broker, and are given up for clearing to an exchange. In the freight market, clearing is provided by: CME, EEX, ICE and SGX.
Freight futures are Asian style, meaning that they settle on the average of the underlying spot Baltic index at the end of every month.
The FFA market is voice-brokered and so the broker is fundamental to facilitating a trade. FFA brokers are usually attached to established physical shipbroking firms and specialise in freight.
High volatility seen in the physical freight market has led participants to search for hedging opportunities within the FFA market as part of their day-to-day risk management strategies.
A clearing house is a fundamental feature of FFA trading because it provides stability to the market by effectively eliminating counterparty risk and ensuring both the buyer and seller fulfil their contractual obligations.
The Baltic Exchange is an FCA authorised benchmark provider under EU Benchmark Regulation for the shipping markets. Our independent data is trusted by shipowners, charterers and shipbrokers. It underpins the freight derivatives market and is used as the basis for some physical contracts.